How to Structure a Literature-Based Dissertation: A Comprehensive Guide
Literature-based dissertations offer a unique approach, where the entire dissertation revolves around a comprehensive literature review.
As a postgraduate student in the social sciences, undertaking a literature-based dissertation requires a well-structured framework to effectively showcase your research and critical analysis skills.
Structuring a literature-based dissertation requires careful planning and organisation to effectively showcase the depth of your research and critical analysis. By following this comprehensive guide, social science postgraduate students can create a well-structured and impactful literature-based dissertation that contributes significantly to their field of study.
In this blog post, I’ll provide you with a comprehensive guide on how to structure a literature-based dissertation and maximise its impact. Remember to adapt this framework to suit your specific research topic and consult with your supervisor for additional guidance throughout the process.
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Begin your literature-based dissertation with a compelling introduction that sets the context for your research.
Clearly state the purpose and significance of your study, along with your research objectives and research questions.
Emphasise the gap or problem your dissertation aims to address and explain how a thorough literature review will contribute to filling that gap.
Provide an overview of the subsequent chapters to guide your readers through the dissertation's structure.
Chapter 2 - Approach / Method
In this chapter, outline the steps you took to conduct your literature review.
Describe your search strategies, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and the databases or sources you utilised. Justify your chosen approach and discuss any limitations or challenges encountered during the process.
Provide a clear explanation of how you critically appraised the literature to ensure its quality and relevance to your research.
Chapter 3 - Theories
Here, you delve into the relevant theories, perspectives, concepts, and models that underpin your research.
Identify key theoretical perspectives and explain their applicability to your research topic.
Demonstrate a thorough and critical understanding of these theories and discuss how they inform your dissertation’s structure, analysis, and interpretation of the existing knowledge.
The theories will vary depending on what you’re doing your dissertation on. However, you might find that one or more of these theories are relevant to your topic: feminism, queer theory, critical race theory, social constructionism, structural functionalism, Marxism, strain theory, labelling theory.
Chapters 4 - 6/7 - Main Themes
This is the meat on the bones of your dissertation!
It will consist of three or four distinct chapters, based on themes, subtopics, or research questions.
Present a detailed synthesis of the existing literature, critically evaluating and analysing the key concepts, methodologies, and findings of the selected studies.
Discuss the relationships, gaps, and controversies in the literature and highlight the contributions of individual studies to the field.
Ensure a clear and coherent flow of ideas within and between sections.
In each chapter, begin by introducing the specific theme or subtopic you will be exploring. Clearly define the scope and boundaries of the theme to guide readers through the discussion.
Present a comprehensive review of the literature related to the theme, ensuring to critically evaluate the quality and relevance of the sources. Highlight the relationships, gaps, and controversies within the literature, as well as the contributions of individual studies to the field.
Again, this is going to be very specific to your own dissertation, but here are some examples of topics you might want to shape individual chapters around.
Historical Developments
In this chapter, trace the evolution of ideas and theories related to your topic over time. Identify key scholars, researchers, or practitioners who have contributed to the development of these ideas. Explore how different perspectives and approaches have emerged and evolved over the years.
Identify major milestones or breakthroughs in your topic area and discuss how they have shaped the field and influenced subsequent research or practices. Analyse the social, cultural, and political factors that have impacted the development of your topic. Consider historical events or societal changes that have influenced the field, and discuss their implications.
Assess the impact of historical developments on current research, theories, or practices. Discuss the legacy of influential figures or key publications in your field and analyse how historical developments have shaped the current understanding of your topic.
Contemporary Debates or Controversies
This chapter focuses on examining current debates or controversies surrounding your research topic. Provide an overview of the debates or controversies and explain their significance for the field. Discuss the societal, cultural, or political factors that have contributed to these debates.
Identify opposing viewpoints or conflicting findings within the literature and critically evaluate the arguments presented. Analyse different perspectives on the issues. Present the arguments from different viewpoints, highlighting the key points and supporting evidence.
Evaluate the arguments presented in the literature, considering their logical coherence, empirical support, and theoretical underpinnings. Identify biases, limitations, or methodological issues that may affect the validity of the arguments. Assess the overall persuasiveness and credibility of each viewpoint and discuss their implications for your research.
Discuss the broader societal implications of the debates and controversies within your topic area. Highlight areas that require further research and provide insights into potential solutions or directions for future inquiry.
Policy and Practice Implications
In this chapter, explore the practical implications of the literature for policy development or professional practice. Examine how the findings and recommendations from the studies you've reviewed can inform policy-making, interventions, or social change.
Identify specific policies, interventions, or social change efforts relevant to your research topic. Analyse their effectiveness, limitations, and potential impact. Consider the empirical evidence, case studies, or evaluation studies that demonstrate the outcomes or effects of these policies or interventions.
Identify the stakeholders involved in policy-making within your chosen area of focus, such as government bodies, organisations, or advocacy groups. Explore how research can contribute to evidence-based policy formulation, providing insights into best practices, strategies, or areas requiring attention.
Examine how the literature can inform professional practice within your field. Identify the practitioners, professionals, or organisations involved in implementing interventions or providing services related to your research topic. Discuss how the research findings can shape or improve professional approaches, interventions, or service delivery, emphasising evidence-based practices.
Evaluate the impact and effectiveness of specific policies or interventions discussed in the literature. Discuss any gaps, challenges, or ethical implications associated with their implementation. Consider issues of justice, fairness, equity, and potential unintended consequences.
Cross-Cultural or Comparative Analysis
If relevant to your dissertation, consider a chapter consisting of a cross-cultural or comparative analysis. This approach involves comparing how certain phenomena or theories manifest in different cultural contexts or societies, providing valuable insights into the cultural or contextual factors that influence your topic.
Explain the value of examining phenomena or theories across different cultural contexts or societies. Justify the selection of cultures or societies based on their relevance to your research topic and the availability of sufficient literature and data.
Identify the specific phenomena or theories to be compared across the chosen cultures or societies. Provide a brief overview of the existing literature on these phenomena or theories within each culture or society.
Compare how the chosen phenomena or theories manifest in each culture or society. Analyse similarities, differences, patterns, or variations observed across cultures or societies. Explore the cultural, social, economic, historical, or political factors that may contribute to these observed differences or similarities.
Discuss the insights derived from the comparative analysis regarding the cultural or contextual factors that influence the phenomena or theories. Analyse the implications of these findings for understanding the interplay between the factors under investigation. Consider how cultural norms, values, traditions, or institutional structures shape the manifestation of the phenomena or theories in different contexts.
Acknowledge the limitations and challenges associated with conducting a cross-cultural or comparative analysis. Discuss potential biases, data limitations, cultural differences in research methods, or generalisability issues. Provide a balanced assessment of the validity and reliability of the findings derived from the comparative analysis.
Remember, these are just examples, and the specific themes and subtopics will depend on your own research topic. The key is to provide a comprehensive review of the literature, critically analyse the key concepts and findings, and highlight the contributions and gaps in the field within each theme or subtopic.
Chapter 7/ 8 - Discussion
In this chapter, engage in a detailed discussion and synthesis of the literature presented in the previous chapters.
If you have a central research question, this is where you answer it!
Analyse the patterns, trends, and debates that emerge from the literature you have reviewed across the different areas.
Compare and contrast different studies, identifying areas of agreement, disagreement, and uncertainty.
Highlight the implications of these findings for theory, practice, and future research. Ensure that your analysis aligns with your research objectives and contributes to filling the gap you identified at the outset.
Chapter 8/9 - Conclusion
Summarise the main findings, insights, and implications derived from your extensive review of the literature.
Revisit your research objectives and highlight how your dissertation has addressed the identified gap in knowledge.
Offer recommendations for future research based on the limitations and opportunities uncovered during your literature review.
Leave your readers with a strong and memorable ending that emphasises the significance of your research.